Hinge words

A hinge word makes a compound with the word in front of it and the word behind it. HOUSE is one: lighthouse on one side, household on the other, so LIGHT → HOUSE → HOLD is a chain in which both neighbouring pairs are real words. These 28 words are the ones that do it most often.

The 28 words with a page of their own

Sorted by how many compounds they take part in. “In front” counts words that come before the hinge, “after” counts words that follow it.

HingeIn frontAfterTotalExample bridge
OUT232245BLACK → OUT → BACK
MAN35439BAG → MAN → HOOD
OVER93039CROSS → OVER → ALL
HOUSE18826CLUB → HOUSE → BOAT
BACK111324COME → BACK → BOARD
DOWN101121BREAK → DOWN → FALL
FIRE51520BACK → FIRE → ARM
WORK11819ART → WORK → DAY
LAND10717DREAM → LAND → FALL
SIDE12517BACK → SIDE → ARM
OFF7916CUT → OFF → HAND
TIME11314ANY → TIME → LESS
HEAD4913HOT → HEAD → BAND
SOME3912FEAR → SOME → BODY
BALL8311BASE → BALL → PARK
DAY6511BIRTH → DAY → BREAK
HAND5611BEFORE → HAND → BAG
LIFE4711AFTER → LIFE → BLOOD
WAY9211ANY → WAY → SIDE
BOARD729BACK → BOARD → ROOM
LIGHT729DAY → LIGHT → HOUSE
BED448DEATH → BED → ROOM
BOOK538CHECK → BOOK → SHOP
BREAK358DAY → BREAK → AWAY
FALL628DOWN → FALL → BACK
GUN268HAND → GUN → FIRE
NIGHT268GOOD → NIGHT → CAP
SHIP628FRIEND → SHIP → WRECK

Why only 28 pages and not 141

The full reference lists 141 hinge words drawn from 406 compound pairs. Most of them are hinges only barely: the median hinge takes part in three compounds, and 80 of the 141 take part in three or fewer. A page about a word with two compounds on it would be a page with nothing on it, so a word earns a page here only once it reaches eight pairings. That is a deliberate cut-off rather than a technical one — a thin page helps nobody, least of all someone who came looking for the answer to something.

The other 113 hinge words are all listed, with their pairings, in the full hinge table.

What makes a word hinge

Three things, mostly. Some words are common nouns for common things, so they attach to almost anything — HOUSE, LAND, MAN, DAY. Some are prepositions or particles that English has been gluing to nouns and verbs for a thousand years — OUT, OVER, OFF, DOWN, BACK — and those attach on the left as a prefix-like element and on the right as the object of a phrasal verb, which is why they hinge so easily in both directions. And a few are simply short and old, which is the quiet reason WAY, SIDE and TIME turn up everywhere.

A nice consequence is that a handful of pairs work in either order and mean different things. outbreak and breakout; gunshot and shotgun; housework and workhouse; layover and overlay. English compounds are head-final, so the last part says what the thing is: a shotgun is a gun, a gunshot is a shot.

Play a bridge

KEYSTONE is a free daily puzzle built out of chains like these. You are given the two ends and have to fill the two words in the middle. Three bridges a day, no account, no cookies.

Play today’s KEYSTONE